The geological record provides insight into how climate processes operate and evolve in response to different than modern boundary conditions and forcings. Understanding past climate evolution is paramount to progressing on understanding fundamental questions of Earth System feedbacks and sensitivity to perturbations, such as the behaviour of the climate system and carbon cycle under elevated atmospheric CO2 levels—relative to the Quaternary—, or the existence of climatic tipping points and thresholds. In recent years, geochemical techniques and Earth System Models complexity have been greatly improved and several international projects on past climates (e.g., DeepMIP, MioMIP, PlioMIP) have been initiated within the wider PMIP, helping to bridge the gap between palaeoclimate modelling and data communities. This session invites work on past climate, Earth System model simulations and proxy-based reconstructions from the Precambrian to the Quaternary. We especially encourage submissions featuring palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, palaeoclimate and carbon cycle modelling, and the integration of CO2 and (hydro)climate proxies and models of any complexity.