Sedimentary carbonate minerals record the history of Earth's surface conditions and the evolution of various biogeochemical cycles. Numerous chemical, biological, and physical processes are involved in the formation, transportation, and diagenetic alteration storing the information. This session focuses on process-based approaches to understanding the genesis and diagenesis of sedimentary carbonate sediments and rocks over geologic time, including, but not limited to, new developments in carbonate sedimentology, biogeochemistry, taphonomy, petrology, stratigraphy, biomineralization, and microbial ecology. We welcome contributions applying field, petrographic, geochemical, geobiological, experimental, or modeling approaches to interpret the mechanisms, processes, conditions, and environments of deposition and diagenesis of both modern sediments and ancient carbonate rocks and mixed siliciclastic-carbonate successions. We specifically encourage studies that aim at developing carbonate-based proxies for environmental parameters with implications for paleoclimate and broader Earth system processes, as well as studies that focus on modern settings to guide interpretations of the rock record.