Future pathways that stabilize global mean temperature towards the end of the century below 1.5 or 2 degrees need to increasingly rely on carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere, followed by subsequent carbon dioxide conversion and storage. In this session we aim to discuss recent advances in understanding fundamental biogeophysical, biogeochemical and societal limitations for the implementation of negative emission strategies or technologies, including those relying on biomass production, such as afforestation, reforestation, or biomass production with carbon capture and storage, enhanced rock weathering, or technologies such as direct air carbon capture and storage with artificial photosynthesis. This session aims to bring together interdisciplinary perspectives on biogeophysical limitations and potentials of carbon dioxide removal for the mitigation of anthropogenic global warming based on surveys, earth system modeling, or direct observations.