The Caribbean region is an ideal natural laboratory for studying long- and short-term deformation processes along plate boundaries. Indeed, while the Caribbean plate individualized at least 140 Ma ago, its boundaries are still deforming today. Earthquakes in the region are a stark reminder of the threats posed by active deformation along the densely populated boundaries of the Caribbean plate, where human exposure and vulnerability are often very high. Over the past few decades, these boundaries have been the focus of extensive international research, leading to a better understanding of the geodynamics of the region and the wider geological processes that occur in subduction and slip zones. These include studies of fluids, seismicity, deformation partitioning and mantle dynamics, as well as the reorganization of plate boundaries in response to changes in plate kinematics - such as suturing, migration, extinction or initiation of volcanic arcs, and vertical motions. Geochronological and geochemical investigations have been equally critical, offering time constraints to unravel the evolution of the Caribbean plate and its boundaries. High-precision dating of magmatic and metamorphic rocks delivers a detailed record of the timing of arc initiation, collisions, and terrane accretion. Isotopes and trace element geochemistry, on the other hand, reveal insights into mantle sources, crustal recycling, and fluid–melt interactions in subduction settings. Together with geophysical data, these approaches provide an integrated perspective on how the Caribbean has developed over time and how it continues to evolve today.